Color Coded Latin: A Teaching Method
by Kathleen Canning
© 2011
Download "Color Coded" Latin Teaching Method
- Preface
- Color Chart
- First Declension
- Second Declension
- Third Declension
- Fourth Declension
- Fifth Declension
- First Conjugation
- Second Conjugation
- Third Conjugation
- Fourth Conjugation
- Irregular Verbs
- Latin Sentences Using Declensions and Conjugations
- The Genitive Case
- The Dative Case
- Prepositional Phrases
- Pronouns
- Interrogative Pronouns
- Demonstrative Pronouns
- Subjunctive ARE Verbs
- Subjunctive Long ERE 2nd Conjugation Verbs
- Subjunctive ERE 3rd Conjugation Verbs
- Subjunctive I-Stem 3rd Conjugation Verbs
- Subjunctive IRE 4th Conjugation Verbs
Fourth Declension M & N
The 4th declension has both masculine and neuter nouns. The genitive singular for the 4th declension is US.
| Masculine | Neuter | |||
| us | us | Nominative | u | ua |
| us | uum | Genitive | us | uum |
| ul | ibus | Dative | u | ibus |
| um | us | Accusative | u | ua |
| u | ibus | Ablative | u | ibus |
With very few exceptions the 4th declension US nouns are masculine. The nouns that end in U in the 4th declension are neuter. The word domus can cause some problems because it has both 4th and 2nd declension endings. Domus and manus are frequently used and they are feminine.
| Masculine | Neuter | ||
| passus | passus | cornu | cornua |
| passus | passuum | cornus | cornuum |
| passui | passibus | cornu | cornibus |
| passum | passus | cornu | cornua |
| passu | passibus | cornu | cornibus |
Look at passus and notice the number of times the ending US is used. How will you be able to quickly identify the case ? Actually there are key words that will signal the case and placement in the sentence will help. Those lessons will come later.
Common Fourth Declension Vocabulary:
| adventus | m | arrival |
| cornu | n | horn/wing (of an army) |
| cursus | m | course (running) |
| domus | f | home |
| exercitus | m | army |
| exitus | m | exit/way out |
| fluctus | m | wave |
| fructus | m | fruit |
| impetus | m | attack |
| manus | f | hand/band of men |
| metus | m | fear/anxiety |
| versus | m | verse |
| occasus | m | sunset/downfall |
| passus | m | pace |
| portus | m | harbor/port |
| senatus | m | senate |
| usus | m | use/advantage |
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