Verb Charts - Second Conjugation Indicative and Subjunctive
© 2012 by Ed Kotski and Kathleen Canning
Second Conjugation Endings on Present Stem, Indicative, Moneo -ere I warn
moneo monere monui monitus a um
Present Imperative Singlular = Mone ___Present Imperative Plural = Monete
moneo monere monui monitus a um
Present Imperative Singlular = Mone ___Present Imperative Plural = Monete
| PRESENT | ACTIVE | _ | PRESENT | PASSIVE |
| Moneo | I_warn | _ | Moneor | I_am_warned |
| Mones | You_warn | _ | Moneris | You_are_warned |
| Monet | He_warns | _ | Monetur | He_is_warned |
| Monemus | We_warn | _ | Monemur | We_are_warned |
| Monetis | You_warn | _ | Monemini | You_are_warned |
| Monent | They_warn | _ | Monentur | They_are_warned |
| _ | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| IMPERFECT | ACTIVE | _ | IMPERFECT | PASSIVE |
| Monebam | I_was_warning | _ | Monebar | I_was_being_warned |
| Monebas | You_were_warning | _ | Monebaris | You_were_being_warned |
| Monebat | He_was_warning | _ | Monebatur | He_was_being_warned |
| Monebamus | We_were_warning | _ | Monebamur | We_were_being_warned |
| Monebatis | You_were_warning | _ | Monebamini | You_were_being_warned |
| Monebant | They_were_warning | _ | Monebantur | They_were_being_warned |
| _ | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| FUTURE | ACTIVE | _ | FUTURE | PASSIVE |
| Monebo | I_will_warn | _ | Monebor | I_will_be_warned |
| Monebis | You_will_warn | _ | Moneberis | You_will_be_warned |
| Monebit | He_will_warn | _ | Monebitur | He_will_be_warned |
| Monebimus | We_will_warn | _ | Monebimur | We_will_be_warned |
| Monebitis | You_will_warn | _ | Monebimini | You_will_be_warned |
| Monebunt | They_will_warn | _ | Monebuntur | They_will_be_warned |
Second Conjugation Endings on Present Stem, Subjunctive, Moneo -ere I (might) warn
| PRESENT | ACTIVE | _ | PRESENT | PASSIVE |
| Moneam | I_might_warn | _ | Monear | I_might_be_warned |
| Moneas | You_might_warn | _ | Monearis | You_might_be_warned |
| Moneat | He_might_warn | _ | Moneatur | He_might_be_warned |
| Moneamus | We_might_warn | _ | Moneamur | We_might_be_warned |
| Moneatis | You_might_warn | _ | Moneamini | You_might_be_warned |
| Moneant | They_might_warn | _ | Moneantur | They_might_be_warned |
| _ | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| IMPERFECT | ACTIVE | _ | IMPERFECT | PASSIVE |
| Monerem | if_I_were_warning | _ | Monerer | if_I_were_being_warned |
| Moneres | if_You_were_warning | _ | Monereris | if_You_were_being_warned |
| Moneret | if_He_were_warning | _ | Moneretur | if_He_were_being_warned |
| Moneremus | if_We_were_warning | _ | Moneremur | if_We_were_being_warned |
| Moneretis | if_You_were_warning | _ | Moneremini | if_You_were_being_warned |
| Monerent | if_They_were_warning | _ | Monerentur | if_They_were_being_warned |
Second Conjugation Endings on Perfect Stem, Indicative, Moneo -ere I warn
| PERFECT | ACTIVE | _ | PERFECT | PASSIVE |
| Monui | I_have_warned | _ | Monitus_a_um_sum | I_have_been_warned |
| Monuiisti | You_have_warned | _ | Monitus_a_um_es | You_have_been_warned |
| Monuit | He_has_warned | _ | Monitus_a_um_est | He_has_been_warned |
| Monuimus | We_have_warned | _ | Moniti_ae_a_sumus | We_have_been_warned |
| Monuistis | You_have_warned | _ | Moniti_ae_a_estis | You_have_been_warned |
| Monuerunt | They_have_warned | _ | Moniti_ae_a_sunt | They_have_been_warned |
| _ | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| PLUPERFECT | ACTIVE | _ | PLUPERFECT | PASSIVE |
| Monueram | I_had_warned | _ | Monitus_a_um_eram | I_had_been_warned |
| Monueras | You_had_warned | _ | Monitus_a_um_eras | You_had_been_warned |
| Monuerat | He_had_warned | _ | Monitus_a_um_erat | He_had_been_warned |
| Monueramus | We_had_warned | _ | Moniti_ae_a_eramus | We_had_been_warned |
| Monueratis | You_had_warned | _ | Moniti_ae_a_eratis | You_had_been_warned |
| Monuerant | They_had_warned | _ | Moniti_ae_a_erant | They_had_been_warned |
| _ | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| FUTURE_PERF | ACTIVE | _ | FUTURE_PERFECT | PASSIVE |
| Monuero | I_will_have_warned | _ | Monitus_a_um_ero | I_will_have_been_warned |
| Monueris | You_will_have_warned | _ | Monitus_a_um_eris | You_will_have_been_warned |
| Monuerit | He_will_have_warned | _ | Monitus_a_um_erit | He_will_have_been_warned |
| Monuerimus | We_will_have_warned | _ | Moniti_ae_a_erimus | We_will_have_been_warned |
| Monueritis | You_will_have_warned | _ | Moniti_ae_a_eritis | You_will_have_been_warned |
| Monuerint | They_will_have_warned | _ | Moniti_ae_a_erunt | They_will_have_been_warned |
Second Conjugation Endings on Perfect Stem, Subjunctive, Moneo -ere I (might) warn
Notes:
All Forms: He = He She or It
Imperfect tables are typical for ongoing past action: I was warning.
Subjunctive typically used to express doubt, possibility, and purpose (after ut).
| PERFECT | ACTIVE | _ | PERFECT | PASSIVE |
| Monuerim | I_might_have_warned | _ | Monitus_a_um_sim | I_might_have_been_warned |
| Monueris | You_might_have_warned | _ | Monitus_a_um_sis | You_might_have_been_warned |
| Monuerit | He_might_have_warned | _ | Monitus_a_um_sit | He_might_have_been_warned |
| Monuerimus | We_might_have_warned | _ | Moniti_ae_a_simus | We_might_have_been_warned |
| Monueritis | You_might_have_warned | _ | Moniti_ae_a_sitis | You_might_have_been_warned |
| Monuerint | They_might_have_warned | _ | Moniti_ae_a_sint | They_might_have_been_warned |
| _ | _ | _ | _ | _ |
| PLUPERFECT | ACTIVE | _ | PLUPERFECT | PASSIVE |
| Monuissem | if_I_had_warned | _ | Monitus_a_um_essem | if_I_had_been_warned |
| Monuisses | if_You_had_warned | _ | Monitus_a_um_esses | if_You_had_been_warned |
| Monuisset | if_He_had_warned | _ | Monitus_a_um_esset | if_He_had_been_warned |
| Monuissemus | if_We_had_warned | _ | Moniti_ae_a_essemus | if_We_had_been_warned |
| Monuissetis | if_You_had_warned | _ | Moniti_ae_a_essetis | if_You_had_been_warned |
| Monuissent | if_They_had_warned | _ | Moniti_ae_a_essent | if_They_had_been_warned |
Notes:
All Forms: He = He She or It
Imperfect tables are typical for ongoing past action: I was warning.
Subjunctive typically used to express doubt, possibility, and purpose (after ut).
Infinitives, Participles, Gerunds, Gerundives Active and Passive Moneo -ere I warn
| ACTIVE | PASSIVE |
| Present_Infinitive_=_monere | Present_Infinitive_=_moneri |
| Perfect_Infinitive_=_monuisse | Perfect_Infinitive_=_monitus_a_um_esse |
| Future_Infinitive_=_moniturus_a_um_esse | Future_Infinitive_ = none |
| _ | _ |
| ACTIVE | PASSIVE |
| Present_Participle_=_monens | Present_Participle_ = none |
| Perfect_Participle_ = none | Perfect_Participle_=_monitus_a_um |
| Future_Participle_=_moniturus_a_um | Future_Participle_=_monendus_a_um* |
The Present Participle
The present participle is a verbal adjective, sometimes a verbal noun. It takes third declension adjective endings.
Masculine and Feminine Singular and Plural: Monen_s, tis, ti, tem, ti (or te) , tes, tium, tibus, tes, tibus.
Neuter Singular and Plural: Monen_s, tis, ti, s, ti (or te), tia, tium, tibus, tia, tibus.
Other Participles
Other participles take the us a um first and second declension noun endings.
The Perfect Passive Infinitive has the same form as the Perfect Passive Participle (the 4th principal part of the verb) except the infinitive form includes esse.
*Gerundive - The Gerundive is the Future Passive Participle monendus, monenda, monendum.
The Gerundive acts as a passive verbal adjective.
The Gerundive takes the set of us a um first and second declension noun endings.
The Gerundive with the verb to be indicates necessity. Example: Carthago delenda est means Carthage must (is to) be destroyed.
Gerund - The Gerund is an active verbal noun, formed from the Neuter Singular form of the Gerundive, without the Nominative Case. The gerund is sometimes shown as monendi, monendo, monendum, monendo (genitive through ablative, without a nominative).
When the Gerund would otherwise be a subject (and in the Nominative), the present active infinitive is used instead (Errare humanum est). English can say erring is human. Latin can not, and says to err is human.
Supine - The Supine is an independent form consisting of only two cases, the accusative and the ablative singulars. The supine grafts the fourth declension neuter accusative singular um (First Supine) or the fourth declension neuter ablative singular u (Second Supine) onto the Perfect Participle (the 4th Principal Part) in place of the us a um first and second declension endings. The first supine (monitum) shows the purpose behind a verb of motion. Venit (motion - he came) de montibus (from the mountains) monitum (= to warn) ducem (the commander). The second supine (monitu) refers an adjective back to a subject. Example: facile monitu easy (= easily) warned.
The present participle is a verbal adjective, sometimes a verbal noun. It takes third declension adjective endings.
Masculine and Feminine Singular and Plural: Monen_s, tis, ti, tem, ti (or te) , tes, tium, tibus, tes, tibus.
Neuter Singular and Plural: Monen_s, tis, ti, s, ti (or te), tia, tium, tibus, tia, tibus.
Other Participles
Other participles take the us a um first and second declension noun endings.
The Perfect Passive Infinitive has the same form as the Perfect Passive Participle (the 4th principal part of the verb) except the infinitive form includes esse.
*Gerundive - The Gerundive is the Future Passive Participle monendus, monenda, monendum.
The Gerundive acts as a passive verbal adjective.
The Gerundive takes the set of us a um first and second declension noun endings.
The Gerundive with the verb to be indicates necessity. Example: Carthago delenda est means Carthage must (is to) be destroyed.
Gerund - The Gerund is an active verbal noun, formed from the Neuter Singular form of the Gerundive, without the Nominative Case. The gerund is sometimes shown as monendi, monendo, monendum, monendo (genitive through ablative, without a nominative).
When the Gerund would otherwise be a subject (and in the Nominative), the present active infinitive is used instead (Errare humanum est). English can say erring is human. Latin can not, and says to err is human.
Supine - The Supine is an independent form consisting of only two cases, the accusative and the ablative singulars. The supine grafts the fourth declension neuter accusative singular um (First Supine) or the fourth declension neuter ablative singular u (Second Supine) onto the Perfect Participle (the 4th Principal Part) in place of the us a um first and second declension endings. The first supine (monitum) shows the purpose behind a verb of motion. Venit (motion - he came) de montibus (from the mountains) monitum (= to warn) ducem (the commander). The second supine (monitu) refers an adjective back to a subject. Example: facile monitu easy (= easily) warned.