Color Coded Latin: A Teaching Method

RELATIVE PRONOUNS

All forms of WHO/WHICH
© 2011 by Kathleen Canning

TABLE 1

RELATIVE PRONOUNS

Singular	M	F	N
Nominative	Qui	Quae	Quod
Genitive	Cuius	Cuius	Cuius
Dative	Cui	Cui	Cui
Accusative	Quem	Quam	Quod
Ablative	Quo	Qua	Quod
Plural	M	F	N
Nominative	Qui	Quae	Quae
Genitive	Quorum	Quarum	Quorum
Dative	Quibus	Quibus	Quibus
Accusative	Quos	Quas	Quae
Ablative	Quibus	Quibus	Quibus

Relative pronouns have endings like both 2nd and 3rd declension adjectives. Don't let that confuse you. Just continue to match the gender and number as you have other adjectives. However, case is a different story.

The Relative Pronouns will agree with the noun that is their antecendent in gender and number BUT in Latin they take their cases from use WITHIN their own clause.

TABLE 2

SINGULAR AND PLURAL ENGLISH

Nominative	who	which
Genitive	whose or of whom	of which
Dative	to whom	to which
Accusative	whom	which
Ablative	by/with whom	by/with which

SAMPLES:
The man to whom you are speaking is my friend's uncle.
Main clause: The man is my friend's uncle.
Dependent clause: to whom you are speaking
Uncle is the antecedent (the noun before) therefore the form of (who) will be masculine and singular like uncle.
Within its own clause (to whom) is being used as an indirect object therefore the relative pronoun will be put into the Dative Case.
So, you are looking at Masc. Sing. and Dative = CUI
The soldiers with whom they fought were from Greece.
Masculine & plural based on soldiers and ablative based on (with whom.) = QUIBUS
She is the woman who fills the water jars at the well.
Feminine & singular based on woman and nominative as (who) is the subject of the dependent clause. = QUAE

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